September 2005 
17   
M9999-083005
MIC2588/MIC2594 
Micrel
then add the rise in temperature due to the maximum power 
dissipated during a transient overload caused by a short 
circuit condtion.  The equation to estimate the maximum 
steady-state junction temperature is given by:
T
J
(steady-state) E T
C
(max) + 擳
J
  
(10)
T
C
(max) is the highest anticipated case temperaure, prior to 
an overcurrent condition, at which the MOSFET will operate 
and is estimated from the following equation based on the 
highest ambient temperature of the system environment.  
T
C
(max)  = T
A
(max) + P
D
 ?(R
?J-A)
  R
?J-C)
) 
(11)
Lets assume a maximum ambient of 60癈.  The power dis-
sipation of the MOSFET is determined by the current through 
the MOSFET and the on-resistance (I
2
R), which we will esti-
mate at 17m& (specication given at T
J
 = 125癈).  Using our 
example information and substituting into Equation 11, 
T
C
(max) =  60癈  +  [((3A)
2
  ? 17m&)  ? (40    0.4)癈/W] 
 
= 66.06癈 
Substituting the variables into Equation 10, T
J
 is determined 
by:
T
J
(steady-state)   E T
C
(max)+[R
ON
+(T
C
(max)T
C
)(0.005) 
 
 
?(R
ON
)][I
2
?R
?J-A)
R
?J-C)
)]
 
E 66.06癈+[17m&+(66.06癈25癈)(0.005/癈) 
 
 
?(17m&)][(3A)
2
?400.4)癈/W]
 
E 66.06癈 + 7.30癈
 
E 73.36癈
Since this is not a closed-form equation, getting a close ap-
poroximation may take one or two iterations.  On the second 
iteration, start with T
J
 equal to the value calculated above.  
Doing so in this example yields;
T
J
(steady-state) E 66.06癈+[17m&+(73.36癈25癈)?0.005/癈) 
 
?17m&)][(3A)
2
?400.4)]癈/W
 
E 73.62癈
Another iteration shows that the result (73.63癈) is converg-
ing quickly, so well estimate the maximum T
J(steady-state) 
at 
74癈.
The  use  of  the Transient Thermal  Impedence  Curves  is 
necessary to determine the increase in junction temperature 
associated with a worst-case transient condition.  From our 
previous calculation of the maximum power dissipated during 
a short circuit event for the MIC2588/MIC2594, we calculate 
the transient junction temperature increase as:
T
J
(transient) = P
D
(short) ?R
?J-C)
 ?Multiplier 
(12)
Assume the MOSFET has been on for a long time  several 
minutes or more  and delivering the steady-state load current 
of 3A to the load when the load is short circuited.  The control-
ler will regulate the GATE output voltage to limit the current 
to the programmed value of 4.2A for approximately 400祍 
before immediately shutting off the output.  For this situation 
and almost all hot swap applications, this can be considered a 
single pulse event as there is no signicant duty cycle.  From 
Figure 7, nd the point on the X-axis (Square-Wave Pulse 
Duration) for 1ms, allowing for a healthy margin of the 400祍 
t
FLT
, and read up the Y-axis scale to nd the intersection of 
the Single Pulse curve.  This point is the normalized transient 
thermal impedence (Z
?J-C)
), and the effective transient thermal 
impedence is the product of R
?J-C)
 and the multiplier, 0.45 
in this example.  Solving Equation 12,
T
J
(transient) = (201.6W) ?(0.4癈/W) ?0.45 = 36.3癈       
Finally, add this result to the maximum steady state junction 
temperature calculated previously to determine the estimated 
maximum transient junction temperature of the MOSFET:  
T
J
(max.transient) = 74癈 + 36.3癈 = 110.3癈, which is safely 
under the specied maximum junction temperature of 200癈 
for the SUM110N10-09.
FIgure 7. Transient Thermal Impedance - SUM110N10-09